Lesson: Metals and Non-metals
Question 1
Which
of the following property is generally not shown by metals?
(a)
Electrical conduction
(b)
Sonorous in nature
(c)
Dullness
(d)
Ductility
Solution:
(c)
Question 2
The
ability of metals to be drawn into thin wire is known as:
(a)
Ductility
(b)
Malleability
(c)
Sonority
(d)
Conductivity
Solution:
(a)
Question 3
Aluminium
is used for making cooking utensils. Which of the following properties of
aluminium are responsible for the same?
(i)
Good thermal conductivity
(ii)
Good electrical conductivity
(iii)
Ductility
(iv)
High melting point
(a)
(i) and (ii)
(b)
(i) and (iii)
(c)
(ii) and (iii)
(d)
(i) and (iv)
Solution:
(d)
Question 4
Which
one of the following metals does not react with cold as well as hot water?
(a)
Na
(b)
Ca
(c)
Mg
(d)
Fe
Solution:
(d)
Question 5
Which
of the following oxide(s) of iron would be obtained on prolonged reaction of
iron with steam?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(c)
Question 6
What
happens when calcium is treated with water?
(i)
It does not react with water
(ii)
It reacts violently with water
(iii)
It reacts less violently with water
(iv)
Bubbles of hydrogen gas formed stick to the surface of calcium
(a)
(i) and (iv)
(b)
(ii) and (iii)
(c)
(i) and (ii)
(d)
(iii) and (iv)
Solution:
(d)
Question 7
Generally,
metals react with acids to give salt and hydrogen gas.
Which
one of the following acids does not give hydrogen gas on reacting with metals
(except Mn and Mg)?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
All of these
Solution:
(c)
Question 8
The
composition of aqua-regia is:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(c)
Question 9
Which
of the following are not ionic compounds?
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(a)
(i) and (ii)
(b)
(ii) and (iii)
(c)
(iii) and (iv)
(d)
(i) and (iii)
Solution:
(b)
Question 10
Which
one of the following properties is not generally exhibited by ionic compounds?
(a)
Solubility in water
(b)
Electrical conductivity in solid state
(c)
High melting and boiling points
(d)
Electrical conductivity in molten state
Solution:
(b)
Question 11
Which
of the following metals exist in their native state in nature?
(i)
Cu
(ii)
Au
(iii)
Zn
(iv)
Ag
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b)
(ii) and (iii)
(c)
(ii) and (iv)
(d)
(iii) and (iv)
Solution:
(c)
Question 12
Metals
are refined by using different methods. Which of the following metals are
refined by electrolytic refining?
(i)
Au
(ii)
Cu
(iii)
Na
(iv)
K
(a)
(i) and (ii)
(b)
(i) and (iii)
(c)
(ii) and (iii)
(d)
(iii) and (iv)
Solution:
(a)
Question 13
Silver
articles become black on prolonged exposure to air. This is due to the
formation of:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(c)
Question 14
Galvanisation
is a method of protecting iron from rusting by coating with a thin layer of:
(a)
Gallium
(b)
Aluminium
(c)
Zinc
(d)
Silver
Solution:
(c)
Question 15
Stainless
steel is very useful material for our life. In stainless steel, iron is mixed
with:
(a)
Ni and Cr
(b)
Cu and Cr
(c)
Ni and Cu
(d)
Cu and Au
Solution:
(a)
Question 16
If
copper is kept open in air, it slowly loses its shining brown surface and gains
a green coating. It is due to the formation of:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(b)
Question 17
Generally,
metals are solid in nature. Which one of the following metals is found in
liquid state at room temperature?
(a)
Na
(b)
Fe
(c)
Cr
(d)
Hg
Solution:
(d)
Question 18
Which
of the following metals are obtained by electrolysis of their chlorides in molten
state?
(i)
Na
(ii)
Ca
(iii)
Fe
(iv)
Cu
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b)
(iii) and (iv)
(c)
(i) and (iii)
(d)
(i) and (ii)
Solution:
(d)
Question 19
Generally,
non-metals are not lustrous. Which of the following non-metal is lustrous?
(a)
Sulphur
(b)
Oxygen
(c)
Nitrogen
(d)
Iodine
Solution:
(d)
Question 20
Which
one of the following four metals would be displaced from the solution of its
salts by other three metals?
(a)
Mg
(b)
Ag
(c)
Zn
(d)
Cu
Solution:
(b)
Question 21
2
mL each of concentrated , and a mixture of concentrated
and concentrated in the ratio of 3: 1 were taken in test tubes labelled as A, B and C. A small piece of metal
was put in each test tube. No change occurred in test tubes A and B but the metal
got dissolved in test tube C respectively. The metal could be:
(a)
Al
(b)
Au
(c)
Cu
(d)
Pt
Solution:
(b)
Question 22
An alloy is:
(a) An element
(b) A compound
(c) A homogeneous mixture
(d) A heterogeneous mixture
Solution:
(c)
Question 23
An electrolytic cell consists of:
(i) Positively charged cathode
(ii) Negatively charged anode
(iii) Positively charged anode
(iv) Negatively charged cathode
(a) (i) and
(ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) (ii) ad (iv)
Solution:
(b)
Question 24
During electrolytic refining of zinc, it gets:
(a) Deposited on cathode
(b) Deposited on anode
(c) Deposited on cathode as well as anode
(d) Remains in the solution
Solution:
(a)
Question 25
An element A is soft and can be cut with a knife.
This is very reactive to air and cannot be kept open in air. It reacts
vigorously with water. Identify the element from the following:
(a) Mg
(b) Na
(c) P
(d) Ca
Solution:
(b)
Question 26
Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of a metal with a
metal or non-metal. Which among the following alloys contain non-metal as one of
its constituents?
(a) Brass
(b) Bronze
(c) Amalgam
(d) Steel
Solution:
(d)
Question 27
Which among the following statements is incorrect
for magnesium metal?
(a) It burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame
(b) It reacts with cold water to form magnesium
oxide and evolves hydrogen gas
(c) It reacts with hot water to form magnesium
hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas
(d) It reacts with steam to form magnesium hydroxide
and evolves hydrogen gas
Solution:
(b)
Question 28
Which among the following alloys contain mercury as
one of its constituents?
(a) Stainless steel
(b) Alnico
(c) Solder
(d) Zinc amalgam
Solution:
(d)
Question 29
Reaction between X and Y, forms compound Z. X loses
electron and Y gains electron. Which of the following properties is not shown
by Z?
(a) Has high melting point
(b) Has low melting point
(c) Conducts electricity in molten state
(d) Occurs as solid
Solution:
(b)
Question 30
The electronic configurations of three elements X,
Y and Z are
X 2, 8; Y 2, 8, 7 and Z 2, 8, 2. Which of the following is correct?
(a) X is a metal
(b) Y is a metal
(c) Z is a non-metal
(d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal
Solution:
(d)
Question 31
Although metals form basic oxides, which of the
following metals form an amphoteric oxide?
(a) Na
(b) Ca
(c) Al
(d) Cu
Solution:
(c)
Question 32
Generally, non-metals are not conductors of
electricity. Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?
(a) Diamond
(b) Graphite
(c) Sulphur
(d) Fullerene
Solution:
(b)
Question 33
Electrical wires have a coating of an insulting
material. The material, generally used is:
(a) Sulphur
(b) Graphite
(c) PVC
(d) All can be used
Solution:
(c)
Question 34
Which of the following non-metals is a liquid?
(a) Carbon
(b) Bromine
(c) Phosphorus
(d) Sulphur
Solution:
(b)
Question 35
Which of the following can undergo a chemical
reaction?
(a)
(b
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(d)
Question 36
Which one of the following figures correctly
describes the process of electrolytic refining?

Solution:
(c)
Question 37
Iqbal treated a lustrous, divalent element M with
sodium hydroxide. He observed the formation of bubbles in reaction mixture. He
made the same observations when this element was treated with hydrochloric
acid. Suggest how he can identify the produced gas? Write chemical equations
for both the reactions.
Solution:
The produced gas can be
identified by bringing a burning candle near the mouth of the reaction vessel.
The gas burns with a pop sound. Hence, it is hydrogen.
Question 38
During extraction of metals, electrolytic refining
is used to obtain pure metals.
(a) Which material will be used as anode and cathode
for refining of silver metal by this process?
(b) Suggest a suitable electrolyte also.
(c) In this electrolytic cell, where do we get pure silver
after passing electric current?
Solution:
(a) Impure
silver will be used as anode whereas pure silver will be used as cathode.
(b) Silver
salt, such as can be used as the electrolyte.
(c) We get
pure silver at the cathode.
Question 39
Why should
the metal sulphides and carbonates be converted to metal oxides in the process
of extraction of metal from them?
Solution:
Compared to the metal sulphides and carbonates, it
is easier to obtain the metal from its oxide. Hence, in the process of
extraction of metal, the metal sulphides and carbonates should be converted to
metal oxides.
Question 40
Generally, when metals are treated with mineral
acids, hydrogen gas is liberated but when metals (except Mn and Mg), treated
with , hydrogen is not liberated, why?
Solution:
It is because is a strong
oxidising agent. Hence, it oxidises the hydrogen
( )
and produces .
Question 41
Compound X and aluminium are used to join railway
tracks.
(a) Identify the compound X
(b) Name the reaction
(c) Write down its reaction.
Solution:
(a)
(b)Thermite reaction
(c)
Question 42
When a metal X is treated
with cold water, it gives a basic salt Y with molecular formula and
liberates a gas Z which easily catches fire. Identify X, Y and Z and also write
the reaction involved.
Solution:
Reaction involved
. .
Question 43
A
non-metal X exists in two different forms Y and Z. Y is the hardest natural
substance, whereas Z is a good conductor of electricity. Identify X, Y and Z.
Solution:
X Carbon
Y Diamond
Z Graphite
Question 44
The
following reaction takes place when aluminium powder is heated with
(a) Is
aluminium getting reduced?
(b) Is getting
oxidised?
Solution:
(a) No. In
the given reaction, oxygen is added to aluminium. Therefore, aluminium is
getting oxidized.
(b) No. In
the given reaction, manganese loses oxygen. Therefore, manganese is reduced,
not oxidised.
Question 45
What are
the constituents of solder alloy? Which property of solder makes it suitable
for welding electrical wires?
Solution:
The
constituents of solder alloy are lead and tin. The property of solder that
makes it suitable for welding electrical wires is its low melting point.
Question 46
A metal A,
which is used in thermite process, when heated with oxygen gives an oxide B,
which is amphoteric in nature. Identify A and B. Write down the reactions of
oxide B with and .
Solution:
Question 47
A metal
that exists as a liquid at room temperature is obtained by heating its sulphide
in the presence of air. Identify the metal and its ore and give the reaction
involved.
Solution:
The metal
is mercury. It is liquid at room temperature. It can be obtained by heating its
ore, cinnabar (HgS) in air to
convert it into mercury oxide. The oxide is then reduced to mercury by further
heating.
The
reactions are as follows:
Question 48
Give the
formulae of the stable binary compounds that would be formed by the combination
of following pairs of elements.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solution:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Question 49
What happens when:
(a) is heated in the absence of oxygen?
(b) A mixture of is heated?
Solution:
(a) When is heated in the absence of oxygen, it undergoes
calcination.
(b) When a mixture of and is heated, it undergoes auto reduction forming copper and
sulphur dioxide.
Question 50
A
non-metal A is an important constituent of our food and forms two oxides B and
C. Oxide B is toxic whereas C causes global warming
(a)
Identify A, B and C
(b) To
which Group of Periodic Table does A belong?
Solution:
(a) A is carbon, B is carbon monoxide and C is
carbon dioxide.
(b) A belongs to Group 14 of the periodic table.
Question 51
Give two examples each of the metals that are good
conductors and poor conductors of heat respectively.
Solution:
(a) The metals which are good conductors of heat
and electricity are silver (Ag) and copper (Cu).
(b) The metals which are poor conductors of heat
and electricity are lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg).
Question 52
Name one metal and one non-metal that exist in
liquid state at room temperature. Also, name two metals having melting point
less than .
Solution:
Metal mercury (Hg)
Non-metal bromine (Br)
Two metals with melting point less than 310 K are caesium
(Cs) and gallium (Ga)
Question 53
An element A reacts with
water to form a compound B which is used in white washing. The compound B on
heating forms an oxide C which on treatment with water gives back B. Identify
A, Band C and give the reactions involved.
Solution:
Question 54
An alkali
metal A gives a compound B (molecular mass = 40) on reacting with water. The
compound B gives a soluble compound C on treatment with aluminium oxide. Identify A, B and C and give the reaction
involved.
Solution:
Reactions involved
Question 55
Give the
reaction involved during extraction of zinc from its ore by
(a)
Roasting of zinc ore
(b)
Calcination of zinc ore
Solution:
(a)
(b)
Question 56
A metal M
does not liberate hydrogen from acids but reacts with oxygen to give a black
colour product. Identify M and black coloured product and also explain the
reaction of M with oxygen.
Solution:
The metal M is copper (Cu) which is less reactive
and does not liberate hydrogen from acids.
Copper reacts with oxygen
and forms a black coloured product, copper(II) oxide (CuO).
Reaction involved:
Question 57
An element
forms an oxide which is
acidic in nature. Identify A as a metal or non-metal.
Solution:
Since the
oxide of the element is acidic in nature, A is a non-metal.
Question 58
A solution
of was kept in
an iron pot. After few days, the iron pot was found to have a number of holes
in it. Explain the reason in terms of reactivity. Write the equation of the
reaction involved.
Solution:
Since iron
( )is
more reactive than copper ( ),
it displaces copper from copper sulphate solution ( )
and forms iron sulphate ( ).
This reaction results in the formation of holes in the iron pot.
The
equation of the reaction is as follows:
Question 59
A
non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with in 1:3 ratio
in the presence of catalyst ( )
gives a gas B. On heating with , it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence
of air it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent.
(a)
Identify A, B, C and D
(b) To
which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong?
Solution:
(a)
(b)
Element A belongs to the Group 15 of the periodic table
Question 60
Give the steps involved in
the extraction of metals of low and medium reactivity from their respective
sulphide ores.
Solution:

Question 61
Explain
the following:
(a)
Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in
(b) Carbon
cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg
(c) NaCl is not
a conductor of electricity in solid state whereas it does conduct electricity
in aqueous solution as well as in molten state
(d) Iron
articles are galvanised.
(e) Metals
like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature.
Solution:
a) Due to the
formation of an oxide layer i.e., , the reactivity of Al decreases.
(b) Compared to
carbon (C), sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg) are more reactive metals. Hence, carbon
cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg.
(c) Due to its
rigid structure, the movement of ions is not possible in solid NaCl. Hence it
is not a conductor of electricity in the solid state. But in an aqueous
solution or in molten state, the ions can move freely. Hence, it conducts
electricity.
(d) Iron
articles are galvanised to protect them from corrosion.
(e) Na, K, Ca
and Mg are highly reactive. Hence, they are never found in their free states in
nature.
Question 62
(i) Given below
are the steps for extraction of copper from its ore. Write the reaction
involved.
(a)
Roasting of copper(1) sulphide
(b)
Reduction of copper(1) oxide with copper(1) sulphide.
(c)
Electrolytic refining
(ii) Draw
a neat and well labelled diagram for electrolytic refining of copper
Solution:
(i)
(a) Roasting of sulphide ore:
(b)
(c) Reaction
for electrolytic refining:
At cathode:
At anode:
(ii) Diagram for electrolytic refining of copper:

Question 63
Of the
three metals X, Y and Z. X reacts with
cold water, Y with hot water and Z with steam only. Identify X, Y and Z and
also arrange them in order of increasing reactivity.
Solution:
·
X
is a metal alkali. It can be either sodium or potassium.
·
Y
is an alkaline metal. It can be either magnesium or calcium.
·
The
metal which reacts with steam only is iron.
The increasing reactivity series of the metals are .
Question 64
An element
A burns with golden flame in air. It reacts with another element B, atomic number
17 to give a product C. An aqueous solution of product C on electrolysis gives
a compound D and liberates hydrogen. Identify A, B, C and D. Also, write down
the equations for the reactions involved.
Solution:
Equations
. .
Question 65
Two ores A
and B were taken. On heating, ore A gives whereas, ore B gives . What steps will you take to convert them into metals?
Solution:
On
heating, ore A gives and ore B
gives . Therefore, the ores are and MS.
Steps
to convert A into a metal:
Steps to convert B into a metal: