Lesson: Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to the Climate

The maximum and minimum temperature displayed daily in the weather bullet in refer to the $–$

(a) Highest day temperature and lowest night temperature of the day.

(b) Highest day temperature and highest night temperature of the month.

(c)Temperature recorded at 12 noon and at mid night (00.00 hr.).

(d) Average highest temperature of day and average lowest temperature of night.

(a)

Out of the given definitions, which is the most appropriate definition of climate?

(a) Changes in weather conditions in a year.

(b) Average weather pattern of many years.

(c) Change in weather pattern in a few years.

(d) Weather conditions during summer.

(b)

Which of the following briefly describes the desert climate?

(a) Hot and humid

(b) Dry and humid

(c) Hot and dry

(d) Hot and wet

(c)

 

Paheli went to a wildlife sanctuary where she saw dense vegetation of trees, shrubs, herbs and also a variety of animals like monkeys, birds, elephants, snakes, frogs, etc. The most likely location of this sanctuary is in the:

(a) Temperate region

(b) Tropical region

(c) Polar region

(d) Coastal region

(b)

Given below are some adaptive features of animals:

(i) Layer of fat under the skin

(ii) Long, curved and sharp claws

(iii) Slippery body

(iv) Thick white fur

Which of them are the adaptive features of a polar bear?

(a) (i) only

(b) (i) and (ii) only

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only

(d) (i), (ii), and (iv) only

(d)

Which of the following statement is incorrect for penguins?

(a) They huddle together

(b) They cannot swim

(c) They have webbed feet

(d) They have streamlined body

(b)

Read the following environmental conditions of tropical rainforests.

(i) Hot and humid climate

(ii) Unequal lengths of day and night

(iii) Abundant rain fall

(iv) Abundant light and moisture

Identify the conditions from the above list that are responsible for the presence of large number of plants and animals in tropical rain forests.

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (i) and (iii)

(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

(c)

The coldest region on earth is the $–$

(a) Polar region

(b) Tropical region

(c) Temperate region

(d) Coastal region

(a)

Choose the odd one from the following options:

(a) Thick layer of fat under the skin

(b) White fur

(c) Long grasping tail

(d) Wide and large feet with sharp claws

(c)

 

“A fish dies when taken out of water whereas a wall lizard will die if kept under water.” Mention the term used to describe such abilities that allow fish and lizard to survive in their respective habitats.

Adaptation

Give one example of an animal that can live both in water and on land.

Frog

State whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.

(a)   It is easy to predict weather rather than climate.

(b)   Since very few preys are available, polar bear does not need to have strong sense of smell.

(c)   Penguins stick together to fight the cold polar climate.

(d)   Tropical rain forests are cool and humid throughout the year because of heavy rains all the time.

(a)   False. It is easier to predict climate rather than weather.

(b)   False. Due to less availability of prey, polar bears need to have strong sense of smell.

(c)   True

(d)   False. Tropical rain forests are hot and humid throughout the year because they receive heavy rains all the time.

Unscramble the following words using the hints given against them.

(i) MATLICE (Hint: weather pattern in a region over a period of time)

(ii) AROPL (Hint: coolest region on earth)

(iii) TREHMEOMRET (Hint: used to measure temperature)

(iv) UHIDYTMI (Hint: feature of weather)

(i) Climate

(ii) Polar

(iii) Thermometer

(iv) Humidity

Match the animals mentioned in Column I with their characteristic features given in Column II.

Why is it difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easy to predict its climate?

Weather of a place is a day to day condition, which is generally not the same on any two days and week after week. On the other hand, the average weather patterns recorded over a long time, say 25 years, is the climate of the place. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easy to predict its climate.

Name two animals each that live in Polar region and Tropical rain forests.

Polar region animals: polar bear and penguin

Tropical rain forest animals: elephants and red-eyed frog

Write two common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm.

The two common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm are:

(a)   They have two thick layers of white fur.

(b)   They have a layer of fat under their skin to keep their body insulated.

Mention two adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming.

The two adaptive features of a penguin that help it in swimming are:

(a)   They have a streamlined body.

(b)   Their feet have webs.

Differentiate between:

(i)                 Weather and climate

(ii)              Humidity and rainfall

(iii)            Climates of polar region and tropical rain forest

(iv)             Maximum and minimum temperatures of the day

(iii)            Climates of polar region and tropical rain forest

Climate of polar region: It has very cold climate throughout the year. The temperature can be as low as $–$37°C in winters.

Climate of tropical rain forest: It has hot and humid climate. These regions experience plenty of rainfall and the temperature ranges between 15°C to 40°C.

(iv)             Maximum and minimum temperatures of the day

The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs generally in the early morning.

Fill in the blanks in the paragraph given below.

Weather of a place is the day-to-day condition of the

_____ (a) _____ with respect to ____(b) ____, _____ (c) ______, ____(d) ______, _____ (e) ______ at that place, while climate is the _____ (f) ______ weather pattern taken over many years.

(a) Atmosphere

(b) Temperature

(c) Humidity

(d) Rainfall

(e) Wind speed

(f) Average

Given below is a list of climatic conditions and some examples of animals. Read them carefully and place the items in the relevant columns as shown.

Penguin, Gorilla, Monkey, Reindeer, Assam, Greenland, Sun does not rise for six months, Hot and humid climate, Days and nights are almost equal in length throughout the year, Winter temperature around $–$37°C, Western Ghats.